Loke (second treatiseof government, and machiavelli Essay

Loke (second treatiseof government, and machiavelli - Essay Example In a nutshell, emergency involves making preparations before an event. Emergency planning also aims at creating preparedness (Perry 7). It has an influence on response and recovery. Emergency plans guide operational decisions during the management of agent-generated and response-generated demands (Phelan, 2008). On the other hand, emergency operations majorly focus on performance (Phelan 16). Such operations require the use of a set of guidelines presented in terms of a plan. Every decision made during an emergency operation should be based on the guidelines outlined in the plan guide. The success of emergency operations depends on the availability of resources for use and frequent assessment of demands by responders as needs arise. Responders must be alert in order to identify any arising demands and should be creative when addressing such demands. The success of emergency operations also relies on the use of pre-event lists checklists. However, such checklists do not guarantee maxi mum success. Personnel must improvise them in order to achieve higher accomplishments. Actions taken by response personnel and emergency managers are what constitute an emergency operation. 2. Planning Process It is noted with concern that the emergency planning process is more important than the emergency plan itself. Emergency planning ensures that communities achieve disaster preparedness. As a process planning involves consultation, training, equipping, and critiques (Perry 28). The end result of such a process is an improvement in the ability of a community to handle risks. A significant number of individuals think that written plans are used in defining preparedness. I agree with such a line of thinking but the same people should be careful not to equate a plan with preparedness. The process is more important than the plan because it is practical. The plan is only but a picture presentation of the planning process at a specific time and does not guarantee the presence of a haz ard. On the other hand, the process of emergency planning involves practical steps such as ongoing monitoring, personnel training, and system exercising hence providing a definition for preparedness. It is important that organizations and jurisdictions adopt a continuous planning process because preparedness is dynamic in nature. Such a process should include continual monitoring of the environment so as to identify threats and discover new technology that can be used in handling such threats. Resources, threats, and even organizational structure may change over time. Moreover, lack of continuous training may result in the disappearing of performance skills. Such eventualities can only be addressed by ensuring that organization and jurisdictions establish a continuous emergency planning process. Despite the usefulness of the emergency planning process, the process may face some resistance. One main reason for such resistance is apathy. Apathy arises when individuals do not like to t hink about disasters (Phelan 22). Therefore, they develop the idea that emergency planning takes resources hence they end up not supporting the process of emergency planning. 3. Preparedness Exercises Organizations and j

Federal Court System Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Federal Court System - Essay Example â€Å"Within limits set by Congress and the Constitution, the district courts or trail courts have jurisdiction to hear nearly all categories of federal cases, including both civil and criminal matters†(Federal Court Structure, n. d.). For convenience, America is divided into 94 federal judicial districts and at least one federal judicial district is operating in each state. Bigger states may have more than one federal judicial district whereas the smaller states may have only one federal judicial district. Even though trial courts are normally operating on district-wise, two special trail courts such as The Court of International Trade and The United States Court of Federal Claims, operate nationally. Appellate courts are operating regionally. The 94 judicial districts are arranged in 12 regions and each region consists of an Appellate court. Appellate courts normally hear the unresolved cases in judicial districts under its jurisdiction. Appeals from federal agencies will also be heard in appellate courts. â€Å"In addition, the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit has nationwide jurisdiction to hear appeals in specialized cases, such as those involving patent laws and cases decided by the Court of International Trade and the Court of Federal Claims† (Federal Court Structure, n.